Variables and Types

Create variables

Variable names start with $ and are case-sensitive.

<?php
$title = "PHP";
$lessons = 18;
$ready = true;
echo $title, " ", $lessons, "\n";

Inspect types

PHP is dynamically typed. Use helpers while learning.

var_dump($title);
var_dump($lessons);
echo gettype($ready), "\n";

Null and unset

null means no value. unset removes a variable.

$value = null;
var_dump(is_null($value));

Type tips

• Common types: string, int, float, bool, array, object, null
• Loose comparisons with == coerce types; prefer ===
• Type declarations on functions improve clarity in modern PHP
• Prefixes like is_ helpers check types at runtime